Sample frameDay 149·Finance · Forecasting

Good morning. The number you're steering by this week was agreed by people who didn't know what you know now.

Finance.

The Rolling Forecast

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The question

Open the budget you approved for this year and find the revenue line for the quarter you're currently in. If you can't say, without asking anybody, whether that figure is a target you're chasing, a forecast you believe, or a spending permission somebody is still drawing against, then it's doing all three jobs at once and none of them properly.

The idea

Jeremy Hope and Robin Fraser led the Beyond Budgeting Round Table, formed in 1998 to study organisations that had abandoned the annual budget, and set out the case in Beyond Budgeting: How Managers Can Break Free from the Annual Performance Trap (2003). Their diagnosis is precise. The budget isn't one instrument but three fused into a single negotiated number: a target saying what you should achieve, a forecast saying what you honestly expect, and a permission saying what you may spend. Fuse them, attach anyone's pay or standing to the result, and the forecast is corrupted at the moment of writing, because people don't submit their best estimate when the estimate becomes the bar. Their standing example is Svenska Handelsbanken, whose chief executive Jan Wallander abolished the bank's budget in 1970 and replaced it with fast actuals and open comparison between branches. Wallander went further than the movement that later adopted him: he called budgeting an unnecessary evil, on the grounds that a forecast either repeats the present or misses the turn that matters, and the bank steered on results and relative standing instead of a figure for next year. That makes Handelsbanken the proof that the annual number can go altogether, and the rolling horizon the answer for everyone who still needs to see a year ahead. The trap is that most companies feel the problem and respond by budgeting harder — more lines, more detail, more re-forecasts, all of it still defending a number agreed before the year began.

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